Electrical Systems Design Data Handbook, 2/e

With energy resources becoming scarce and costly, and electrical energy being the most sought after form of energy, the designers of electrical systems are faced with the challenge of guaranteeing energy efficiency, quality and scheduling to the satisfaction of the corporate customers. This demands that the electrical systems designers to be more versatile and more effective managers of energy resources. This data handbook is intended to be used as design assistance to the beginners in the field of Electrical Systems design and provides them an easy access to the relevant data required for their design without having to waste their time and energy in searching for the required data to be used in the design problem. This handbook can be permitted to be used inside the examination hall as a reference handbook.

• data regarding different categories are consolidated and presented in an orderly manner.
• quick access to the relevant data for the designers saving a lot of time and energy.
• a compact collection of data which can even be permitted for reference in the examination halls.

      1.  SI Units and Quantities
      2.  Alphanumeric Notation, Graphical Symbols and Colours (NEC 2011)
LIGHTING DESIGN
      3.  Lighting Design Procedures
      4.  Recommended Levels of Illumination for Domestic Buildings
      5.  Recommended Levels of Illumination for Recreational/Assembly Buildings
      6.  Recommended Levels of Illumination for School/College Buildings
      7.  Recommended Levels of Illumination for Office Buildings
      8.  Recommended Levels of Illumination for Hospital Buildings
      9.  Typical Lamp Data—Incandescent Lamps
    10.  Typical Lamp Data—Fluorescent Lamps    11.  Typical Lamp Data—Compact Fluorescent Lamps
    12.  Typical Lamp Data—LED Lamps
    13.  Typical Lamp Data—Metal Halide Lamps
    14.  Typical Lamp Data—High Pressure Sodium Vapour Lamps
    15.  Typical Lamp Data—Low Pressure Sodium Vapour Lamps
    16.  Pulse Start Metal Halide Lamps
    17.  Comparison of Light Sources
    18.  Percentage Effective Ceiling or Floor Reflectances
    19.  Flexible House Wiring Single Core Cables
    20.  Comparative Properties of PVC Wiring Cables
    21.  Recommended Ratings of Light and Socket Points (NEC-2011)
    22.  Recommended Number of Points in Dwelling Units (NEC-2011)
    23.  Details of Socket Outlets Required for Domestic Buildings (NEC-2011)
    24.  Different Types of MCB Distribution Boards
    25.  Maximum Permissible Number of 1.1 kV Grade Cables in Metallic Conduits (NEC-2011)
    26.  Performance Data of Typical Exhaust Fans
    27.  Performance Data for Ceiling Fans
TRANSFORMER SUBSTATIONS
    28.  Size of Cables and Earthing Conductors for Motors
    29.  Typical Impedance Values of 11 kV / 433 V Distribution Transformers
    30.  Maximum Rating of a Motor that can be Connected to a Transformer
    31.  Cables on Secondary Side of Transformer (11 kV/433 V)
   31A.  Standard Feeder Rating, Cable Size and Recommended Back up Fuse Ratings
    31B.  Switchgear Combinations of MV Switchboards
    32.  Percentage De-Rating Required for a Transformer Supplying Electronic (Nonlinear) Loads
    33.  Recommended Sizes of Aluminium Busbars for Bus Trunking
    34.  Fuse Ratings on the Primary Side of Transformers (11 kV/433 V)
    35.  Overloading Capacities of Oil Immersed Transformers
    36.  Overloading Capacities of Dry Type Transformers
    37.  Absolute Temperature Withstand Capacity of Different Insulation Classes 
    38A.  Current Rating of Aluminium Busbar Sections
    38B.  Correction Factors for Busbar Design
    39.  De-Rating Factors for Proximity-Effect: Three-Phase Channel Installation Two Channels Per in Box Form
    40.  Clearances for Open and Enclosed Indoor Air-Insulated Busbar and Connections (Electrically Non-exposed)
    41.  Clearances for Open Outdoor Busbar and Busbar Connections not Exceeding 15 kV for Electrically Exposed or Non-Exposed Installations
    42.  Protective Measures on Transformers (11 kV/433 V)
    43.  Inrush Time Constants for Oil Filled Transformers
    44.  Inrush Time Constants for Cast Resin Transformers
    45.  Short Circuit Currents
    45A.  Instantaneous and First Half Cycle Factors (IEC 60947-2)
    46.  Fault Level Computation and Earthing Design
CONDUCTOR S AND CABLES
    47.  Properties of ACSR Conductors
    48.  Properties of All Aluminium Conductors
    49.  Regulation Constants for 11 kV Overhead Lines
    50.  Regulation Constants for 415 V Overhead Lines
    51.  Cable Selection Criteria
    52.  Voltage Drops of Cables (in mv per ampere per meter)
    53.  Short Circuit Rating of Cables (For One Second Duration) (kA)
    54.  1100 V Grade Single Core, Aluminium Conductor, XLPE Insulated, Unarmoured /Armoured, PVC Jacketed Cables
    55.  1100 V Grade Two Core, Aluminium Conductor, XLPE Insulated, Unarmoured /Armoured, PVC Jacketed Cables
    56.  1100 V Grade Three Core, Aluminium Conductor, XLPE Insulated, Unarmoured /Armoured, PVC Jacketed Cables
    57.  1100 V Grade 3.5 Core, Aluminium Conductor, XLPE Insulated, Unarmoured /Armoured, PVC Jacketed Cables
    58.  1100 V Grade Four Core, Aluminium Conductor, XLPE Insulated, Unarmoured /Armoured, PVC Jacketed Cables
    59.  1100 V Grade, One Core, Aluminium Conductor, PVC Insulated, PVC Sheathed, Unarmoured /Armoured Cables
    60.  1100 V Grade, Two Core, Aluminium Conductor, PVC Insulated, PVC Sheathed, Unarmoured /Armoured Cables
    61.  1100 V Grade, Three Core, Aluminium Conductor, PVC Insulated, PVC Sheathed, Unarmoured /Armoured Cables
    62.  1100 V Grade, 3.5 Core, Aluminium Conductor, PVC Insulated, PVC Sheathed, Unarmoured /Armoured Cables
    63.  1100 V Grade, Four Core, Aluminium Conductor, PVC Insulated, PVC Sheathed, Unarmoured /Armoured Cables
    64.  1100 V Grade, 2, 3 and 4 Core, Copper Conductor, PVC Insulated, PVC Sheathed, Unarmoured /Armoured Cables
    65.  1100 V Grade,1.5 mm² Solid Copper Conductor, pvc Insulated, PVC Sheathed, Unarmoured /Armoured Cables
    66.  1100 V Grade, 2.5 mm² Solid Copper Conductor, PVC Insulated, PVC Sheathed, Unarmoured /Armoured Cables
    67.  11/11 kV, Three Core Aluminium Conductor, XLPE Insulated and PVC Sheathed, Screened, Flat Strip Armoured Cables [A2XFY (P)]
    68.  Methods for Laying the Cables and Conductors (IEC 60364-5-52) 58
    69.  Different Methods of Installation (REF: IEC 60364-5-52)
    70.  Maximum Operating Temperatures of Insulation Materials
    71.  De-rating Factor k₁ for Cables Laid in Air
    72.  De-rating Factor k₂ for Cables Laid in Ground
    73.  De-rating Factor k₃ for the Nature of the Soil
    74.  De-rating Factor k₄ for the Bunching of Cables
    75.  De-rating Factor k₄ for More Than One Circuit, Single Core or Multi Core Cables Laid Direct in the Ground
    76.  De-rating Factor k₅ for Accounting 3rd Harmonic Current
    77.  Current Carrying Capacity of Buried Cables
    78.  Current Carrying Capacities of Unburied Cables
    79.  3 Core Flat Cables with Copper Conductor XLPE Insulation and HR PVC Sheath Technical Data
MOTOR S
    80.  Performance Data of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors
    81.  Performance Data of Slip-Ring Induction Motors
    82.  Performance Data of Energy Efficient Motors
    83.  Performance Data of Energy Efficient Motors (8 Pole)
    84.  Performance Data of Energy Efficient Motors (4 Pole)
    85.  Performance Data of Energy Efficient Motors (4 Pole)
    86.  Duty Types of Motors
    87.  De-rating of Motor Capacity for Ambient Temperature
    88.  De-rating of Motor Capacity for Altitude
    89.  Permissible Temperatures of Motors
    90.  Capacitor Rating for Direct Connection to Induction Motors
    91.  Standard Types of Mounting of Motors
    92.  IP Classifications of Motors
    93.  Cooling Classification (IC) of Motors
    94.  Voltage Flicker Curve
    95.  Induction Motor Quick Selection Chart
    96.  Selection of Motor Capacity for Intermittent Loading
SWITCHGEARS
    97.  Basic Function of Switchgears
    98.  Utilization Categories of Load Break Switches
    99.  Typical Specifications for Load Break Switches
  100.  Typical Specifications for Change-Over Switches
  101.  Utilisation Categories of Automatic Transfer Switches
  102.  Time-Current Characteristics of Fuses
  103.  Fusing and Non-Fusing Zones for Medium Voltage
  104.  Typical Specifications of Type gG Fuses
  105.  Fuselet through Energy vs Current Rating
  106.  Tripping Current Ranges of Overload and Short Circuit Protective Devices
  107.  Re-rating Factors for Domestic Circuit Breakers
  108.  Re-rating Factors for Industrial Circuit Breakers
  109.  Data of Moulded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCB)
  110.  Typical Data of Air Circuit Breakers
SYSTEM EART HING
  111.  Types of System Earthing
  112.  Influence of Networks and Loads on the Selection of Earthing System
  113.  Effect of Alternating Current on Human Body
POWER QUALITY
  114.  Power Factor
  115.  Power Quality Issues
  116.  Relation between THD_I and PF
  117.  Harmonic Current Spectrum of Three-phase Variable Speed Drive and Three-phase Full Wave Rectifiers
  118.  Current Distortion Limits for General Distribution Systems (120 V through 69000 V)
  119.  Recommended Voltage Distortion Levels
  120.  Detuned Harmonic Filter Design
SOLAR PV SYSTEMS FOR HOUSEHOLD APPLICATIONS
  121.  Roof Area Requirement of Solar PV Systems
  122.  Technical Specifications of Solar PV Modules
  123.  Specifications of Solar PV Modules
  124.  Solar PV Modules Mounting Structure
  125.  Characteristics of Solar Batteries
  126.  Tubular Gel VRLA Batteries Recharging Characteristics During Operations
  127.  Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries (VRLA): Discharge Characteristics in Watts for Long Duration Discharges
  128.  Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries: Discharge Characteristics in Watts 1.75 ECV
  129.  Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries: Discharge Characteristics in Watts 1.80 ECV
  130.  Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries: Discharge Characteristics in Amperes To 1.75 ECV
  131.  Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries: Discharge Characteristics in Amperes To 1.80 ECV
EMERGENCY AND STAN DBY GENERATION
  132.  Size of Cables, Earthing Conductors & Protection for Standby Generators
  133.  Prime Power Rating of Generating Sets
  134.  Important Indian Standard Specifications 112
  135.  National/International Organizations for Standardization 116

M.K. Giridharan :- is former Dean (Academics) and Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering at Mar Baselios College of Engineering and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. A life member of Institution of Engineers (India) and Indian Society of Technical Education (ISTE), he has served as Professor in Electrical and Electronics Engineering at College of Engineering, Trivandrum and as Joint Director (Engineering Consultancy), LBS Centre for Science & Technology, Trivandrum. He has about 48 years of teaching and consultancy experience. His areas of interest include Power System Operations, Electrical Systems Design and Network Analysis. He is currently leading a peaceful retired life in his native town Kannur in Kerala.